Neural Organoids
Neural organoids are three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture systems derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). They self-organize into structures that recapitulate select cellular, molecular, and cytoarchitectural features of the developing human nervous system. These neural organoids provide a more physiologically relevant in vitro system than traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures for studying human neurodevelopment, disease mechanisms, and perturbations. They have important applications in studying:
- Human brain development and neurodevelopmental disorders, like autism
- Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer鈥檚 disease and Parkinson鈥檚 disease
- Epilepsy and related seizure disorders
- Neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia
- Motor neuron diseases, notably amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
We've curated these resources to support your work with neural organoids, and to give you a glimpse into how these 3D neural models are being used by scientists in the field of neuroscience.
Organoids: Experts Talk Standardization at Nature Research Round Table
Global organoid experts gathered in London, UK to discuss the current state of the technology, protocol standardization, translation into patient care, nomenclature, and understanding what questions a given organoid culture can and can't answer.
Read Now >Key Neural Organoid Publications
Neural Spheroids
Forebrain-Specific Organoids
Birey F et al. (2017) Nature 545(7652): 54鈥9.
Kadoshima T et al. (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110(50): 20284鈥9.
Eiraku M et al. (2008) Cell Stem Cell 3(5): 519鈥32.
Pituitary-Specific Organoids
Hypothalamus-Specific Organoids
Cerebellum-Specific Organoids
Muguruma K et al. (2015) Cell Rep 10(4): 537鈥50.
Muguruma K et al. (2010) Nat Neurosci 13(10): 1171鈥80.
Midbrain-Specific Organoids
Retinal Spheroids
Eiraku M et al. (2008) Cell Stem Cell 3(5): 519鈥32.
Whole-Brain Organoids
Lancaster MA et al. (2014) Science 345(6194): 1247125.
Lancaster MA et al. (2013) Nature 501(1): 373鈥9.
Zika Virus
Gabriel E et al. (2017) Cell Stem Cell 20(3): 397-406.
Cugola FR et al. (2016) Nature 534(7606): 267鈥71.
Dang J et al. (2016) Cell Stem Cell 19(2): 258鈥65.
Garcez PP et al. (2016) Science 352(6287): 816鈥8.
Qian X et al. (2016) Cell 165(5): 1238鈥54.
Lancaster MA et al. (2013) Nature 501(1): 373鈥9.
Autism
Other
Quadrato G et al. (2017) Nature 545(7652): 48-53.
