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Գٱپܱ™ Intestinal Organoid Culture Media

Գٱپܱ™ organoid culture media are complete growth media that support establishment, expansion, long-term maintenance, and further differentiation of intestinal organoid cultures from human, rat, or mouse intestinal crypts. Based on formulations by Dr. Hans Clevers and , these complete and defined media generate organoids from intestinal crypts in less than one week. These “mini-guts” retain the crypt- and villus-like domains, a central lumen, and all major cell types found in the adult intestinal epithelium. The organoids are functional and ready for use in a number of research applications, including disease modeling, drug screening, and tissue regeneration.

Addressing the Challenges in Intestinal Research

Studying the intestinal epithelium can pose multiple challenges. Traditional in vitro monolayer cultures are convenient but lack key structural features and the cellular diversity of an adult intestine. In vivo animal models allow experimentation on an intact intestine but are often more difficult and expensive to run, and provide limited relevance to human physiology. Intestinal organoids address many of these issues by providing a convenient in vitro system that has high physiological relevance.

What are Intestinal Organoids?

Intestinal organoids are three-dimensional multicellular structures that retain key features of the adult intestinal epithelium, such as the crypt- and villus-like domains, a central lumen, and the major cell types: intestinal stem cells, paneth cells, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, and enterocytes. Organoid culture is a convenient and physiologically relevant tool that can be used in a variety of research applications.

Learn more about intestinal organoids >

Why Use Գٱپܱ™?

  • Use complete media that does not require additional growth factors
  • Generate organoids that retain key features and all major cell types found in the adult intestinal epithelium
  • Achieve efficient and reproducible intestinal organoids in under one week
  • Follow a simple format and easy-to-use, optimized protocols

Find the Right Media for Your Intestinal Research

Use the Interactive Product Finder to determine which Գٱپܱ™ media is best suited for your intestinal epithelial cell research.

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Intestinal Organoid Culture Media

Գٱپܱ™ Plus Organoid Growth Medium (Human)

Product image of a 100 mL bottle of Գٱپܱ™ Plus and a vial of the organoid supplement.

Recommended for:

Robust establishment, expansion, and differentiation of human intestinal organoids.

Species:

Human
Rat
Mouse

For Use With:

Cultured intestinal crypts or single intestinal cells.

Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Growth Medium (Human)

Product image of a bottle of Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Growth Medium and a bottle of the organoid supplement.

Recommended for:

Efficient establishment, expansion and long-term maintenance of human intestinal organoids.

Species:

Human

For Use With:

Cultured intestinal crypts or single intestinal cells.

Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Growth Medium (Mouse)

Product image of a bottle of Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Growth Medium (Mouse) and two small bottles of the required supplements.

Recommended for:

Robust establishment, passaging, and maintenance of mouse intestinal organoids

Species:

Mouse

For Use With:

Cultured intestinal crypts or single intestinal cells.

Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Differentiation Medium (Human)

Product image of a bottle of Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Differentiation Medium (Human) and a bottle of the organoid supplement.

Recommended for:

Further differentiation of human intestinal organoids in 3D, or as monolayers/air-liquid interface cultures.

Species:

Human

For Use With:

Intestinal organoids derived from human intestinal crypts, or passaged organoids that have been cultured with Գٱپܱ™ Plus or Գٱپܱ™ Organoid Growth Medium.
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Brand History

Dr. Hans Clevers and his research team have made significant contributions to the field of . In 2007, identified the presence of LGR5+ stem cells in the intestinal crypt. In 2009, published a protocol for establishing organoid structures from intestinal crypts or single intestinal stem cells. The protocol described the culture conditions that would support long-term expansion of these organoids without requiring a mesenchymal niche. In 2014, Dr. Clevers and to manufacture and distribute cell culture media for organoids. Since then, the release of IntestiCult™ Organoid Growth Medium (Mouse) in 2015, and IntestiCult™ Organoid Growth Medium (Human) in 2017 has provided researchers with a convenient, complete and affordable medium for establishing organoid cultures.

Watch a webinar on organoids as a model for human disease by Dr. Clevers >

In 2025, ƽ Technologies introduced Գٱپܱ™ Plus, a next-generation intestinal organoid culture medium. Building on nearly a decade of innovation, Գٱپܱ™ Plus was developed to support simultaneous expansion and differentiation of intestinal organoids, eliminating the tradeoff between growth and cellular complexity. This serum- and conditioned medium-free formulation improves physiological relevance by promoting the development of diverse intestinal cell types, including tuft cells and mature enterocytes, in a single culture system. Գٱپܱ™ Plus continues the brand’s legacy of delivering consistent, scalable, and high-performance solutions to advance intestinal organoid research.

Watch a webinar on Գٱپܱ™ Plus with Dr. Martin Stahl >

We are pleased that ƽ will be our partner in making specialty media for growth of organoids available to the scientific community. The broad availability of off-the-shelf cell culture media from a world leader in the development of specialized cell culture media and cell separation products represents an essential step in the further implementation of this exciting technology.

Dr. Hans Clevers, Founding Director of The HUB


Scientific Resources

Explore our resources to learn more about organoids, and learn how to generate, culture, and differentiate intestinal organoids.


Key Applications of Intestinal Organoids

Epithelial Cell Biology

Grabinger T et al. (2014) Cell Death Dis 5: e1228.

Intestinal Stem Cell Niche

Sato T et al. (2011) Nature 469(7330): 415-8.

Gene Expression and Function

Koo B-K et al. (2012) Nat Methods 9(1): 81-3.

Transplantation and Engraftment

Yui S et al. (2012) Nat Med 18(4): 618-23.

Cystic Fibrosis

Dekkers JF et al. (2013) Nat Med 19(7): 939-45.
Schwank G et al. (2013) Cell Stem Cell 13(6): 653-8.

Cancer

Gasnier M et al. (2025) Nat Cell Biol 27(10): 1632–46.
Ye Q et al (2024) Nat Commun 15, 6211.
Kim S et al. (2023) Sci Rep 13, 12902.
Lee SH et al. (2023) 165(2): 374–90.
Yao L et al. (2022) J Chemother 35(2): 104–16.
Sui Q et al. (2021) J Immunother Cancer 9(3): e001498.
Li Y et al. (2020) Int J Oncol 57(6): 1307–18.
Nag D et al. (2019) Clin Cancer Res 25(15): 4791–807.
Tsai S et al. (2018) BMC Cancer 18(1): 335.
Banerjee A et al. (2016) Oncotarget 7(27): 41432–44.
Matano M et al. (2015)

Drug-Screening

Ranga A et al. (2014) Adv Drug Deliv Rev 69-70: 19-28.

Viral Infection

Scribano F et al. (2025) BTP2 restricts Tulane virus and human norovirus replication independent of store-operated calcium entry. J Virol 99:e00444-25.
Li NF et al. (2025) Macrophage phagocytosis of human norovirus-infected cells in an ex vivo human enteroid-macrophage coculture model. mBio 16:301180-25.
Rader A et al. (2025) Autophagy-enhancing strategies to promote intestinal viral resistance and mucosal barrier function in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Autophagy Reports, 4(1).
Hayashi T et al. (2025) Identification of FDA-Approved Drugs That Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and Human Norovirus Replication. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 48(7):994-1000.
Ianevski A et al. (2024) The combination of pleconaril, rupintrivir, and remdesivir efficiently inhibits enterovirus infections in vitro, delaying the development of drug-resistant virus variants. Antiviral Res 224: 105842.
Santos-Ferreira A et al. (2024) Molnupiravir inhibits human norovirus and rotavirus replication in 3D human intestinal enteroids. Antiviral Res 223: 105839.
Euller-Nicolas G et al. (2023) Human Sapovirus replication in human intestinal enteroids. J Virol 97: e00383-23.
Guo Y et al. (2021) Infection of porcine small intestinal enteroids with human and pig rotavirus A strains reveals contrasting roles for histo-blood group antigens and terminal sialic acids. PLoS Pathog 17(1): e1009237.
Overbey KN et al. (2021) Optimizing human intestinal enteroids for environmental monitoring of human norovirus. Food Environ Virol 13(4): 470–84.
Lindesmith LC et al. (2019) Sera antibody repertoire analyses reveal mechanisms of broad and pandemic strain neutralizing responses after human norovirus vaccination. Immunity 50(6): 1530–41.e8
Zhu S et al. (2017) Nlrp9b inflammasome restricts rotavirus infection in intestinal epithelial cells. Nature 546: 667–70.

Bacterial Infection

Xiong Z et al. (2025) Nat Commun 16, 7937.
Roodsant TJ et al. (2024) iScience, 27(3):109178.
Baryalai P et al. (2025) J Extracell Vesicles. 14: e70092.
Grüttner J et al. (2023) PLOS Pathog 19(5): e1011372.
Horvath TD et al. (2023) Nat Protoc 18: 490–529.
Xiong Z et al. (2022) Immunity 55(4): 686–700.e7
Yue R et al. (2020) Front Physiol 11: 629141.
Sittipo P et al. (2020) Front Cell Infect Microbiol 10: 415.
Ishii Y et al. (2018) Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018: 9050715.
Farin HF et al (2014) J Exp Med 211(7): 1393–405.
Wilson SS et al. (2014) Mucosal Immunol 8(2): 352–61.
Zhang YG et al. (2014) Physiol Rep 2(9): e12147.

Inflammation

Martín-Reyes F et al. (2023) Antioxidants 2023, 12(12); 2105.
Bao LL et al. (2025) Sci Transl Med. 17(781):eadn8699.
Pei Y et al. (2025) Signal Transduct Target Ther. 10(1):183.
Kaya GG et al. (2025) 58(9):2208–25.
Yang X et al. (2024) Front Immunol 15: 1382661.
Mishra SP et al. (2023) Gut 72(10): 1848–65.
Wahida A et al. (2021) Sci Immunol 6: eabf7235.
Burgueño JF et al. (2019) Front Physiol 10: 1484.
Huang K et al. (2018) Pediatr Res 83(5): 1031–40.
Yassin M et al. (2018) J Crohns Colitis 12(12): 1459–74.

Toxicity

Galli G et al. (2025) Int. J. Mol. Sci. 26(4): 1595.
Galli G et al. (2025) Int. J. Mol. Sci 26(7): 3452.
Akama Y et al. (2024) Mol Med 30: 17.
Rodrigues D et al. (2022) Int J Mol Sci 23: 2213.
Rodrigues D et al. (2022) Int J Mol Sci 23: 1286.
Tirado FR et al. (2021) Stem Cell Res Ther 12: 63.
Rodrigues D et al. (2021) Arch Toxicol 95: 2691–718.
Hale AT et al. (2020)
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