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Mouse Recombinant IL-4

Interleukin 4

Mouse Recombinant IL-4

Interleukin 4

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Interleukin 4
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Overview

Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a type I cytokine produced by Th2 T cells, NK T cells, γ/δ T cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and activated basophils. IL-4 receptors are present on a number of cells, including hematopoietic, endothelial, epithelial, muscle, and brain tissues. IL-4 receptor engagement initiates signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway, and leads to the activation of PI3K and Ras/MAPK pathways (Nelms et al.). IL-4 plays a key role in immunoglobulin class switching in B cells and in regulating the differentiation of naïve T cells into T helper 2 (Th2) cells, while inhibiting Th1 differentiation. IL-4 acts together with tumor necrosis factor to stimulate expression of adhesion molecules on vascular endothelial cells and to downregulate expression of E-selectin, thus recruiting T cells and eosinophils to the site of inflammation (Nelms et al.).
Subtype
Cytokines
Cell Type
B Cells, Dendritic Cells, Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Myeloid Cells, Neurons, T Cells
Species
Mouse
Area of Interest
Immunology, Neuroscience, Stem Cell Biology
Purity
≥ 95%

Data Figures

(A) The biological activity of Mouse Recombinant IL-4 was tested by its ability to promote the proliferation of HT-2 cells. Cell proliferation was measured after 67 hours of culture using a fluorometric assay method. The EC50 is defined as the effective concentration of the growth factor at which cell proliferation is at 50% of maximum. The EC50 in the above example is 3.8 - 5.7 ng/mL.
(B) 1 μg of Mouse Recombinant IL-4 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (+) and non-reducing (-) conditions and visualized by Coomassie Blue staining. Mouse Recombinant IL-4 has a predicted molecular mass of 13.7 kDa.

Protocols and Documentation

Find supporting information and directions for use in the Product Information Sheet or explore additional protocols below.

Document Type
Product Name
Catalog #
Lot #
Language
Document Type
Product Name
Catalog #
78047, 78047.2, 78047.1
Lot #
All
Language
English
Document Type
Product Name
Catalog #
78047, 78047.2, 78047.1
Lot #
All
Language
English

Resources and Publications

Educational Materials (3)

Brochure
Brochure

Publications (1)

Immunogenic Cell Death Traits Emitted from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells Following Treatment with a Novel Anti-Cancer Agent, SpiD3 E. Schmitz et al. Biomedicines 2024 Dec

Abstract

Background: Targeted therapies (e.g., ibrutinib) have markedly improved chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) management; however, ~20% of patients experience disease relapse, suggesting the inadequate depth and durability of these front-line strategies. Moreover, immunotherapeutic success in CLL has been stifled by its pro-tumor microenvironment milieu and low mutational burden, cultivating poor antigenicity and limited ability to generate anti-tumor immunity through adaptive immune cell engagement. Previously, we have demonstrated how a three-carbon-linker spirocyclic dimer (SpiD3) promotes futile activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in CLL cells through immense misfolded-protein mimicry, culminating in insurmountable ER stress and programmed CLL cell death. Method: Herein, we used flow cytometry and cell-based assays to capture the kinetics and magnitude of SpiD3-induced damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in CLL cell lines and primary samples. Result: SpiD3 treatment, in vitro and in vivo, demonstrated the capacity to propagate immunogenic cell death through emissions of classically immunogenic DAMPs (CALR, ATP, HMGB1) and establish a chemotactic gradient for bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Conclusions: Thus, this study supports future investigation into the relationship between novel therapeutics, manners of cancer cell death, and their contributions to adaptive immune cell engagement as a means for improving anti-cancer therapy in CLL.